來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-10-03 20:18:14
過去將來時
定義:
一般過去將來時表示從過去的某一時間來看將來要發(fā)生的動作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。
She was fifty-eight then. In two years,she would be sixty.
她那時已經(jīng)58歲歲了,在過兩年,她就60了。
第二句中的“兩年后”并未沒有到來,但整件事情又是描述的過去的事情,所以要用過去將來時。
構(gòu)成:
同一般將來時,把系動詞be變?yōu)檫^去式,把will,shall變?yōu)檫^去式。
如下:
肯定句:
主語+be(was,were)going to+動詞原形+其他
否定句:
主語+be(was,were)not going to+動詞原形+其他
疑問句:
Be(Was,Were)+主語+going to+動詞原形+其他
肯定句:
主語+would(should)+動詞原形+其他
否定句:
主語+would(should)not+動詞原形 +其他
疑問句:
Would(Should)+主語+動詞原形+其他
過去將來時常用時間狀語:
at eight the next night
第二天早上6點,
the next day
第二天下午2點,
the next Friday
第二天,
the next week
下個星期五,
the next month
在下個月,
the next year
第二年,
the following day
第二天,
the following week
幾個星期之后,
the following month
接下來幾個月,
the following year
接下來的一年,
two days later
兩天后,
three weeks later
三周后,
four years later
四年后,
after 10 o'clock
經(jīng)過10點鐘以后,
after 10 o'clock in the morning,
after 9 o'clock
上午10點,在9點鐘
用法:
1.過去將來時表示從過去某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作或者存在的狀態(tài),常常用于間接引語,也就是賓語從句中。
He said he would be there at 8 o’clock, and she thought he would keep her word.
他說他會在8點到那,她認為他會守信用的。
與過去將來時搭配使用的時間狀語有a week later一周后, the next month下個月, the following day 第二天等等。
2.一些表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的詞如go,come,leave,arrive等,可用過去進行時來表示在過去某時看將要發(fā)生的動作或打算要做的事。
He said he was leaving for Beijing that afternoon.
他說他那天下午就要前往北京。
I didn't know when they were coming again.
我不知道他們什么時候再來。
3.過去將來時經(jīng)常用于表示過去的習(xí)慣性動作。這時,不分人稱,都用would。
Whatever he did, he would use his left hand.
他無論做什么,總是用左手。
She would practise playing the piano whenever she was free.
那時,她一有時間,便去練習(xí)彈鋼琴。
4.“was/were going to do”、“was/were about to do”表示說話的瞬間就會發(fā)生的動作) 、“was/were to do”也相當(dāng)于過去將來時。
When I arrive at the airport, the plane was just going to take off.
當(dāng)我到達機場時,飛機剛好要起飛。
The attendant said that the train was about to leave.
那個列車員說火車馬上就要離開了。
初中階段,對過去將來時的要求不是很高,但是也不要疏忽,同學(xué)們只需掌握這篇文章所講的內(nèi)容就可以了!
對于過去將來時的考查,多以單選、詞語運用的形式考查學(xué)生在具體語境中靈活運用時態(tài)的能力。在考試中,會讓大家判斷是否該用過去將來時,以及如何正確使用。
今天我們就來講講英語中的過去將來時的學(xué)習(xí)和總結(jié)。
常見句型:
1、賓語從句中
當(dāng)主句動詞采用一般過去時的時候,其賓語從句中的謂語動詞如果原本該用一般將來時的,但要改為過去將來時。這種用法主要出現(xiàn)在間接引語中。
I asked the man opposite if he would open the door.
我問對面的人他愿意不愿意開門。
I always said he would wind up in jail.
我常說他到頭來非進監(jiān)獄不可。
2、虛擬條件句中
在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中,其主句動詞往往要采用would do的用法。
If he were you, he would reconsider my proposal.
他要是你,他會重新考慮我的建議。
He would pass out if he took one more drink.
要是他再喝一杯酒的話,他就會醉倒了。
3、as if/though引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣句型中
as if/though表示好像,其引導(dǎo)的從句謂語動詞要采用虛擬語氣,所以有的句子就要采用would do的用法。
I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.
我覺得自己高興得心花怒放。
He felt as though he would faint out.
他感覺彷佛要昏過去了。
4、would rather句型中
would rather do表示寧愿做什么。
We would rather die than surrender.
我們寧死而不投降。
I would rather die than live in disgrace.
我寧可死,也不愿忍辱偷生。
5、would like to句型中
would like to do表示想要做什么。
I would like to have a word with you.
我想同你說句話。)
Many people would like to take holidays abroad.
許多人愿意到國外度假。
典型錯例分析:
1. 我們不知道他是否要在會上發(fā)言。
誤:We didn’t know whether he is going to speak at the meeting.
正:We didn’t know whether he was going to speak at the meeting.
析:該句主句為過去時,且賓語從句表示從過去某個時間看來將要發(fā)生的動作,所以從句要用過去將來時態(tài)。
2. 老師問湯姆長大后準備干什么。
誤:The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up.
正:The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up.
析:在時間狀語從句中,常用一般過去時表示在過去看來將要發(fā)生的動作。
3. 他們說如果下星期天不下雨他們就去農(nóng)場。
誤:They said that they were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday.
正:They said that they were going to the farm if it didn’t rain the next Sunday.
析:在條件狀語從句中,也常用一般過去時表示在過去看來將要發(fā)生的動作。
4. 王林打電話告訴她媽媽,她要買一些書。
誤:Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books.
正:Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she would buy some books.
析:過去將來時可以由'助動詞should/would+動詞原形'構(gòu)成,但should一般只用于第一人稱。而would可用于各種人稱。
5. 上次我見到你時,你正打算開始乘火車去西藏。
誤:Last time I saw you, you had started to go to Tibet by train.
正:Last time I saw you, you were going to start to go to Tibet by train.
析:last time是一般過去時或過去將來時的顯著標志。
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