來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-08-15 16:00:43
賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)歸納
一、定義
:在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句稱為賓語(yǔ)從句。
Thegirl told me that she would come here tomorrow.那個(gè)女孩告訴我她明天要來(lái)這里。
二、賓語(yǔ)從句可分為
:動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句、介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句和形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句三種。
動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句
1.,即從句作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。
Do you know who will teach us English thissemester?你知道這學(xué)期誰(shuí)將教我們英語(yǔ)嗎?
She asked whether she could go.她問(wèn)她是否可以去。
介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句
2.,即從句在介詞后面作賓語(yǔ)。
They are discussing who will climb themountain with me.他們正在討論誰(shuí)和我一起去爬山。
You may depend on it that they will alwayshelp you.你要相信他們會(huì)一直幫助你的。
形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句
3.,即sure、certain、pleased、surprised等表示情感的形容詞后的從句。
I am not sure whether he will come again.我不敢肯定他是否會(huì)再來(lái)。
I am quite sorry that I made a lot ofmistakes in the exam.非常抱歉,我在考試中犯了很多錯(cuò)誤。
三、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素:
1.
(
間接引語(yǔ)(從句本身)是陳述句,且連接詞只起連接作用,不在從句中作任何成分,也不翻譯出意思時(shí),用that連接(在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省去)。
Shesaid (that) she wanted to join us.她說(shuō)她想加入我們。
(
間接引語(yǔ)(從句本身)是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句,用whether/if“是否”連接,whether/if表示“是否”之意。
Doeshe know whether/if they will come to have an Art class?他知道他們是否要來(lái)上美術(shù)課嗎?
賓語(yǔ)從句中
:
一般情況下,if和whether可互換,有些特殊情況只用whether。
I am not interested in whether you are right.我對(duì)你是否正確不感興趣。
Whether they are interested in this project, I don’t know.他們是否對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目感興趣,我不知道。
I really don’t know when to start.我真的不知道什么時(shí)候開始。
They wonder whether or not it will rain this afternoon.他們想知道今天下午是否會(huì)下雨。
The little girl hasn’t decided whether she will spend her holidays in America.這個(gè)小女孩還沒有決定是否去美國(guó)度假。 |
連接代詞
(3)(what、who、which、whose)或(when、where、why、how)及how構(gòu)成的詞組(howmany、how old、howlong等)。(特殊疑問(wèn)詞)
Theteacher asked who could answer the question.老師問(wèn)誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
Theyare discussing where they shall meet.他們正在討論在哪里見面。
2.
賓語(yǔ)從句都用陳述句語(yǔ)序,即“連接詞+主謂賓/主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)。
1.My mother asks: “when will we go to the supermarket?” (改為賓語(yǔ)從句)
Mymother askes ________ ________ ________ go to the supermarket.
2.Li Lei told Jim ____.
A.how much yuan is the sweater B.how much is the sweater
C.how much the sweater is D.how much the sweater was
答案:when we will; D
特殊情況特殊記:
Tom wants to know what’s the matter with his father. Tom想知道他父親發(fā)生了什么事。
They are guessing who is singing in the next room.他們正在猜測(cè)誰(shuí)在隔壁房間唱歌。 |
3.
主現(xiàn)從隨意,主過(guò)從過(guò)去,真理永一現(xiàn)
口訣:。
主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句根據(jù)自身的需要選擇合適的時(shí)態(tài);當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí),從句需用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí);若從句是科學(xué)真理、格言或客觀事實(shí)等,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
Eg:Hesaidhehad beento Beijing.他說(shuō)他去過(guò)北京。(主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句也用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí);從句“去過(guò)”動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前,所以從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone結(jié)構(gòu)。)
Eg:Can youtell me what time they left yesterday?你能告訴我他們昨天什么時(shí)候離開的嗎?(主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制;由yesterday可知,從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))
Eg:Ourteacher told us that the Yellow River is the second longest river in China.我們的老師告訴我們黃河是中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河。(主句一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句是真理,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
特殊考點(diǎn)考查:
They have decided when they will get up tomorrow.他們已經(jīng)決定了明天什么時(shí)候起床. They have decided when to get up tomorrow.
當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱,謂語(yǔ)為think、believe(相信)、guess等時(shí),其后的賓語(yǔ)從句的否定形式應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。(翻譯時(shí),需將否定后移) I don’t think he can run faster than his brother.我認(rèn)為他沒他哥哥跑的快。
含從句的反意疑問(wèn)句,附加問(wèn)句一般根據(jù)主句進(jìn)行變換。 The little boy is afraid that his parents will leave, isn’t he?那個(gè)小男孩害怕他的父母會(huì)離開,是嗎? 對(duì)于否定轉(zhuǎn)移的主從復(fù)合句,反意疑問(wèn)句中的附件問(wèn)句根據(jù)從句進(jìn)行變換,且要把否定移回到從句上。 I don’t think she can ride a horse, can she?我認(rèn)為她不會(huì)騎馬,是嗎? |
賓語(yǔ)從句中不可省略
Some people think that this kind of books is very popular among students.一些人認(rèn)為這類書在學(xué)生中很受歡迎。
The teacher said (that) it was the most beautiful tongue in the world, and that we must keep it among us.老師說(shuō)這是世界上最美麗的語(yǔ)言,我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常使用它。
The manager told us that, if we could handle this situation at once, the crisis would be solved.經(jīng)理告訴我們,如果我們能立即處理這種情況,危機(jī)就會(huì)解決。
The old man told me that knowing your own weaknesses was of great importance.老人告訴我,了解自己的弱點(diǎn)是非常重要的。
We made up our mind that we would never give up.我們下定決心決不放棄。
It reminded me at once that we had already finished the task.這使我立刻想起我們已經(jīng)完成了任務(wù)。
Everyone considers it important that children should do sports every day.每個(gè)人都認(rèn)為孩子們每天做運(yùn)動(dòng)是很重要的。
That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.我簡(jiǎn)直不相信他曾說(shuō)過(guò)這樣的話。 編輯推薦:
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