來(lái)源:. 作者:蓮蓮 2010-08-09 15:02:19
中考英語(yǔ)典型易錯(cuò)題舉例分析
1. It is _______ outside. Let’s put on our raincoats and go out, Tom.
A. cold B. hot C. sunny D. rainy
【解析】此題易誤為A。因?yàn)檫@里有個(gè)put on短語(yǔ),如果不注意raincoats這個(gè)詞那就很可能草率地選擇A。raincoats是“雨衣”的意思,而不是一般的衣服,那么不是因?yàn)橥饷?ldquo;冷”,而是因?yàn)?ldquo;下雨”才穿“雨衣”。正確答案為D。
2. —_______ do you _______ about spring?
—The flowers and the green trees.
A. How, like B. How, think C. What, think D. What, like
【解析】此題陷阱選項(xiàng)為A或B或C。這是由于忽略語(yǔ)境造成的。由答語(yǔ)The flowers and the green trees. 可知,所問(wèn)的是“你喜歡春天的什么?”而不是“你覺(jué)得春天怎么樣?”。正確答案為D。
3. —What’s your sister like?
—_______.
A. She is a worker B. She likes pears
C. She is very thin D. She is like her father
【解析】此題陷阱選項(xiàng)為B或D。有很多考生一看題干中的like一詞就會(huì)想當(dāng)然地選擇B或D。其實(shí),問(wèn)句的意思是“你姐姐長(zhǎng)得怎么樣?”因此,正確答案為C。What’s … like? 這個(gè)句型常常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)某人的長(zhǎng)相或某事的情況(包括天氣情況)。
4. —It’s too hot. Would you mind _______ the door?
—_______. Please do it now.
A. to open, OK B. opening, Certainly not
C. opening, Of courseD. to open, Good idea
【解析】此題陷阱選項(xiàng)為A。一方面是由于不了解mind的用法,另一方面的由于忽略造成的。mind后面接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用其ing形式。由答語(yǔ)中的Please do it now. 可知“不介意”。正確答案為B。
5. —If you have any trouble, be sure to call me.
—_______.
A. I am glad to hear thatB. I will. thank you very much.
C. I have no trouble D. I will think it over
【解析】此題陷阱選項(xiàng)為A或D。由于受漢語(yǔ)思維的影響很容易選擇A或D。其實(shí),問(wèn)句意為“如果你有麻煩,一定要打電話給我”,這是一個(gè)表示請(qǐng)求的句子,對(duì)于別人的請(qǐng)求要么拒絕要么接受,而不能含糊其辭。正確答案為C。
典型形容詞和副詞考題分析
1. We should keep _______ in the reading-room.
A. quiteB. quietly
C. quietD.quickly
【解析】此題容易誤選A或B。選A是由于不細(xì)心,把quite當(dāng)成是quiet,草率做題造成的;選B是由于把keep誤認(rèn)為是一般的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,修飾實(shí)義動(dòng)詞當(dāng)然得用副詞。其實(shí),這里的keep連系動(dòng)詞,后面要接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。正確答案為C。
2. The light in the room wasn’t _______for me to read.
A. enough bright B. brightly enough
C. enough brightly D. bright enough
【解析】此題容易誤選A或B。選A的人是受的漢語(yǔ)思維的影響,enough bright翻譯過(guò)來(lái)正好是“足夠明亮”的意思,其實(shí)這并不符合英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣,在英語(yǔ)中當(dāng)enough修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)一定要后置;選B的人沒(méi)有注意所缺的成分是表語(yǔ),作表語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)該用形容詞而不用副詞。正確答案為D。
3. She is _______of the two.
A. the cleverest B. the cleverer
C. the clever D. cleverest
【解析】此題容易誤選A。這是由于思維定勢(shì)引起的。因?yàn)樽罡呒?jí)的比較范圍往往用of短語(yǔ)引出,那么一些考生一看到of一詞就毫不猶豫地選擇了A項(xiàng)。其實(shí),由這里的two可知,兩者中的比較只能用比較級(jí),而且指特定的兩者中“較……的那一個(gè)”時(shí),比較級(jí)前往往要用定冠詞the。因此正確答案為B。
4. —How far is the factory from here?
—It’s about 4 kilometres _______.
A. farB. long
C. awayD. near
【解析】此題容易誤選A。這是由于受到漢語(yǔ)思維的影響,因?yàn)樽g成漢語(yǔ)正好是“大約4公里遠(yuǎn)”。其實(shí),問(wèn)距離時(shí)可以用How far is …. ?,但是far不能與表示具體的距離連用,此時(shí)應(yīng)該用away。因此,正確答案為C。
5. —Do you have enough men to carry these chairs?
—No. I think we need _______ men.
A. anotherB. other two
C. more two D. two more
【解析】此題容易誤選A或B或C。選A的同學(xué)是由于草率做題造成的,因?yàn)檫@里空格后面是個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞,而不是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,因此不能選A。選B或C的同學(xué)是由于漢語(yǔ)思維的影響引起的,漢語(yǔ)中說(shuō)“另外兩個(gè)”,但是英語(yǔ)中要說(shuō)other two或two more,這與漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣不一樣。正確答案為D。
其實(shí),another后面也可以接一些表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢(qián)、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如:
If you give us another twenty minutes (= twenty more minutes), we will finish the work. 如果你再給我們二十分鐘,我們就可以完成這項(xiàng)工作。
6. He is taller than _______ girl in his class.
A. any B. other
C. any other D. another
【解析】此題容易誤選C。這是由于思維定勢(shì)引起的。平時(shí)大家都熟悉這樣的句子China is larger than any other country in Asia. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. 于是than any other這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)在同學(xué)們的頭腦中已經(jīng)根根深蒂固了。其實(shí),到底要不要other, 關(guān)鍵是看主語(yǔ)是否也在比較的范圍之內(nèi);如果在范圍之內(nèi),就必須用other, 以此來(lái)避免與自身進(jìn)行比較;如果不在范圍之內(nèi),則不能用other, 因?yàn)闆](méi)有必要把自身排除。這里主語(yǔ)he不屬于girl in his class之列,不能用other, 因此正確為A。
7. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _______ voice.
A. the bestB. a best
C. the better D. a better
【解析】此題容易誤選A。這是由于思維定勢(shì)引起的,許多同學(xué)認(rèn)為最高級(jí)前加了定冠詞the肯定沒(méi)錯(cuò)。其實(shí),這是一個(gè)暗含比較級(jí),它省略了一些我們很清楚的東西,句子的完整形式應(yīng)為:I have never heard a better voice than her voice. 因此正確答案為D。
三道易錯(cuò)名詞考題分析
1. _______ fathers made them have piano lessons.
A. Peter and Ann’s B. Peter’s and Ann’s
C. Peter’s and Ann D. Peter and Ann
【解析】此題容易誤選A或C。錯(cuò)誤的原因是由于受思維定勢(shì)的影響。平時(shí)考生們做多了“This is Lucy and Lily’s bedroom. ”這樣的題,那么一看到這樣的題就想到只是在后面一個(gè)單詞后面用所有格。其實(shí),到底用一個(gè)所有格,還是用兩個(gè)所有格,取決于它們所修飾的名詞:如果所修飾的名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,就只在后面一個(gè)名詞后面用所有格;如果所修飾的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,就兩個(gè)名詞都用所有格。正確答案為B。
2. There are a lot _______ people today than yesterday.
A. of B. / C. mostD. more
【解析】此題容易誤選A。有不少考生因受“ a lot of +名詞”這一思維定勢(shì)的影響,一看到a lot,就選擇了A。其實(shí),該句中的a lot是用來(lái)修飾形容詞的比較級(jí)more的,than引導(dǎo)的是比較狀語(yǔ)從句。正確答案為D。
3. “Excuse me, are you _______? ”
“No, we are _______. ”
A. American, Englishman B. American, Germans
C. American, Germen D. Englishman, Americans
【解析】先從詞性來(lái)看,American 和German 既可以用作名詞也可以用作形容詞,用作名詞時(shí),其復(fù)數(shù)形式分別為Americans 和Germans;選項(xiàng)中的Englishman只能用作名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式是Englishmen。
先看第一空:如果單從Excuse me, are you _______?來(lái)看,要是填Englishman,就應(yīng)該在其前加不定冠詞,即說(shuō)成Excuse me, are you an Englishman? 但是,根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的we are…可知,問(wèn)句中的you 其實(shí)是指“你”,而是指“你們”,所以如果用Englishman,就應(yīng)換成Englishmen 才對(duì)。由此可排除選項(xiàng)D。
再看第二空:由于German的復(fù)數(shù)是Germans,不是Germen,由此可確定C錯(cuò)誤;再根據(jù)we are…可知,其后若用名詞Englishman,必須要用復(fù)數(shù)Englishmen,而不能是單數(shù),所以排除A。
所以此題答數(shù)為B。
兩道中考英語(yǔ)冠詞易錯(cuò)題分析
1. A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _______ second.
A. / B. the C. a D. an
【解析】此題容易誤選B。這是由于思維定勢(shì)引起的,很多同學(xué)認(rèn)為這里的second是序數(shù)詞,前面應(yīng)該用定冠詞the修飾。其實(shí),second是“秒”的意思。正確答案為C。
2. _______ India and China are of _______ same continent.
A. /; theB. The ; the C. /; /D. /; a
【解析】此題容易誤選D。這是由于受漢語(yǔ)思維的影響造成的,因?yàn)樽g成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)這句話的意思是“印度和中國(guó)在同一個(gè)大洲”,漢語(yǔ)里說(shuō)“同一個(gè)”,在英語(yǔ)中要說(shuō)“the same”,這就是此題的陷阱所在。正確答案為A。
語(yǔ)境·交際·常識(shí)
●打好語(yǔ)境基礎(chǔ)
所謂語(yǔ)境就是指上下文。解答中考單項(xiàng)填空題,不要只盯在空格那個(gè)地方,也不要只盯在含空格的那一個(gè)句子,而要理解整個(gè)上下文的意思才能作出選擇。請(qǐng)看下面這道中考題:
—You’re very ______, aren’t you? —Yes. Our team has won the game.
A. happy B. worried C. sad D. afraid
解答此題時(shí)你若只看問(wèn)句,填任何一個(gè)答案都是正確的,當(dāng)看到答句中的has won the match才知道只有答案A正確。
●打好交際基礎(chǔ)
就是指考生還要懂得英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的人與中國(guó)人由于歷史文化和思維方式的不同所造成日常交往中語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的不同。請(qǐng)看下面這道中考題:
—Your spoken English is much better! —______.
A. Oh, no B. You’re right C. thank you D. Not at all
當(dāng)被別人稱贊時(shí),謙虛的中國(guó)人常說(shuō)“不,哪里哪里”或“不,還差得遠(yuǎn)咧”等等,若按這種思維,很容易錯(cuò)選答案A或D;而西方人卻是向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖兄x,所以答案是C。
●打好常識(shí)基礎(chǔ)
有的中考試題既不是考詞匯知識(shí)也不是考語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,而是考查考生的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和科普常識(shí),比如超市、加油站、公園、學(xué)校等公共場(chǎng)所的標(biāo)志和電視中的一些圖標(biāo)等等。因此,在平時(shí)的日常生活中要細(xì)心觀察,多看書(shū)報(bào)多看電視,廣泛涉獵,并注意生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和科普常識(shí)的積累。請(qǐng)看下面這道中考試題:
Which of the following weather signs means “windy”?
答案是D,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)圖表示windy。答案A表示cloudy,B表示rainy,C表示sunny。
中考英語(yǔ)典型代詞考點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)題例析
1. I hear someone _______at the door. Please go and see who _______ is.
A. knock, he B. knocking, he C. knock, itD. knocking, it
【解析】此題容易誤選A或B。這是由于漢語(yǔ)思維的影響引起的。大家都知道hear sb. do sth. 意為“聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事”,hear sb. doing sth. 意為“聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”,這樣一來(lái)很多人就會(huì)選擇A或B,因?yàn)楹竺?ldquo;去看看他是誰(shuí)”從漢語(yǔ)的角度來(lái)看是沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的。其實(shí),在英語(yǔ)中常常用it來(lái)指代身份(姓名、職業(yè)等)不詳?shù)娜恕S腥饲瞄T(mén)時(shí)我們常常用英語(yǔ)問(wèn)“Who is it?”正確答案為D。
2. Lucy and I are classmates. We _______ in Class One.
A. all are B. are all C. both areD. are both
【解析】此題容易誤選A或C。這里受到漢語(yǔ)思維的影響引起的,譯成漢語(yǔ)正好是“我們都在一班”。表示兩者都要用both,both一般放在be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前。正確答案為D。
3. There is _______ egg at home. Will you please get _______ for me, please?
A. no, some B. not, some C. not any, any D. not an, any
【解析】此題容易誤選C或D。這是由于死記語(yǔ)法條文引起的。因?yàn)榇蠹叶贾纒ome一般用于肯定句中,而any一般用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中,這樣一來(lái)A和B首先就給排除了。其實(shí),在表示請(qǐng)求或建議的疑問(wèn)句,如Would you like…? / What would you like…? / Could you/ I …? / What about…? / How about…? / Would/ will you please…?等等疑問(wèn)句中習(xí)慣上要用some而不用any。又因?yàn)閚o可以直接修飾名詞,而not必須加上a/an或any之后才可以接名詞。因此正確答案為A。
4. —A latest English newspaper, please!
—Only one copy left. Would you like to have _______, sir?
A. one B. this C. thatD. it
【解析】此題容易誤選A。這是由于忽略語(yǔ)境和思維定勢(shì)造成的。這里是在詢問(wèn)是否有報(bào)紙賣(mài),很多同學(xué)認(rèn)為這里最后一句話的意思是“先生,你是否想要一份”。其實(shí),由上文中的Only one copy left. 可知,只剩下一份報(bào)紙了,這暗示了購(gòu)買(mǎi)者別無(wú)選擇,只能買(mǎi)“它”了。正確答案為D。
中考英語(yǔ)交際口語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)題10例(有詳解)
1. —Don’t make any noise in the living room! My baby is sleeping.
—_______.
A. Sorry, I won’t B. It doesn’t matter
C. Excuse me, I’m wrong D. Certainly, I won’t
【解析】此題容易誤選C 或D。一方面可能由于不知道Excuse me. 與Sorry. 的區(qū)別,而誤選為C;另一方面可能由于不理解這一語(yǔ)境而誤選為D。這里聽(tīng)話者是做錯(cuò)了事情,做錯(cuò)的事情首先應(yīng)該說(shuō)Sorry 表示歉意,然后現(xiàn)表示不會(huì)再那樣做了。正確答案為A。
2. —I haven’t seen Jack for three days, is he ill?
—_______. His mother told me that he was in hospital.
A. I am afraid soB. I hope not
C. I don’t expect D. I am afraid not
【解析】此題容易誤選B或D。一般來(lái)說(shuō)我們不希望別人生病,如果不注意語(yǔ)境的話,就很可能誤選為B或D。由下文His mother told me that he was in hospital. 可知Jack可能生病了。I am afraid so. 意為“恐怕是這樣的”,常用來(lái)表示一種不太肯定的語(yǔ)氣。正確答案為A
3. —Excuse me. May I use your computer?
—_______. It’s broken.
A. Sure B. Yes, here you are
C. With pleasureD. I’m afraid not
【解析】此題易犯草率答題的錯(cuò)誤而誤選A或B。對(duì)于別人的請(qǐng)求大多數(shù)要用肯定回答,如果沒(méi)有下文的It’s broken. 選擇A或B那肯定是正確的。由下文的It’s broken. 可知,這里應(yīng)該拒絕對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求,故正確答案為D。這里I’m afraid not. 意為“恐怕不行”。
4. —Can I get you something to drink, Mr Smith?
—_______. I am thirsty.
A. Here you are B. No, thank you
C. You’re welcome D. Yes, please
【解析】此題容易誤選B。因?yàn)楫?dāng)對(duì)方問(wèn)自己是否需要某物時(shí)可以說(shuō)Yes, please. 表示接受,也可以說(shuō)No, thank you. 表示拒絕。如果不注意看下文的I’m thirsty. 就很可能誤選為B。正確答案為D。
5. —Your sweater is very beautiful, Joan!
—_______.
A. thank you all the same B. Not at all
C. Just so-so D. thank you
【解析】此題容易誤選B或C。在漢語(yǔ)中受到別人的表?yè)P(yáng)或贊美時(shí)往往感到不好意思,要謙虛一番,受漢語(yǔ)思維的影響就很容易選擇B或C。在英語(yǔ)中受到表?yè)P(yáng)或贊美時(shí)往往要欣然接受,向?qū)Ψ奖硎局x意。如果草率做題此題也很可能會(huì)誤選為A。正確答案為D。
6. —What do you do? —_______.
A. I am thirteen B. I work hard
C. I’m fine D. I’m a student
【解析】此題容易誤選B。What do you do? 所問(wèn)的不是經(jīng)常“做什么”,而是在詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的“職業(yè)”,它相當(dāng)于What’s your job? 因此正確答案為D。
注意:以下句型的意思:What is he? (用來(lái)詢問(wèn)職業(yè))他是干什么的?What does he do? (= What’s his job? ) (用來(lái)詢問(wèn)職業(yè)) What is he like? (用來(lái)詢問(wèn)長(zhǎng)相或人品) 他長(zhǎng)得怎么樣?/他是怎樣一個(gè)人?How is he? (用來(lái)詢問(wèn)身體狀況)他身體怎么樣?How old is he? (用來(lái)詢問(wèn)年齡) 他多大了?
7. —Andy isn’t going out this evening, is she?
—_______. She has to stay at home to look after her sick mother.
A. Yes, she is B. No, she isn’t
C. Yes, she isn’t D. No, she is
【解析】此題容易誤選C。答語(yǔ)應(yīng)譯作“是,她不出去”才對(duì),因此受到漢語(yǔ)思維的影響此題就很可能選C,但是這不符合英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣。其實(shí),否定的疑問(wèn)句回答與肯定的疑問(wèn)句的回答方式是一樣的,答案肯定的就用“Yes, + 肯定的省略句”;答案是否定的就用“No, +否定的省略句”。只不過(guò)否定疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)中Yes要譯作“不”,No要譯作“是的”,這一點(diǎn)與漢語(yǔ)有點(diǎn)錯(cuò)位。例如:你是一名學(xué)生,假如有人這樣問(wèn)你:Are you a student? / Aren’t you a student? / You are a student, aren’t you? / You aren’t a student, are you? 那么你的回答都應(yīng)該是“Yes, I am.”。只不過(guò)應(yīng)注意在回答第2和第4個(gè)問(wèn)句時(shí)Yes要譯作“不”。
8. —Hello. May I speak to Mr. Wang?
—Who’s calling, please.
—_______.
A. I’m Mr. Wang B. Mr. Wang is here
C. This is Mr. Wang speaking D. Mr. Wang is calling
【解析】此題容易誤選A或B或D。這是受的漢語(yǔ)思維的影響,因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)中在電話時(shí)常常說(shuō)“我是某人”時(shí),但是英語(yǔ)中不說(shuō)“I am… / … is here. ”而習(xí)慣上說(shuō)“This is … (speaking). / Speaking. ”正確答案為C。
9. —I fell and hurt my leg just not.
—_______.
A. Be careful B. It doesn’t matter
C. I’m sorry to hear that D. Nothing serious
【解析】此題容易誤選A或B或D。這里也很容易受到漢語(yǔ)思維的影響,因?yàn)槠綍r(shí)對(duì)方告訴我們說(shuō)他或她摔倒了,我們總會(huì)對(duì)他或她進(jìn)行安慰說(shuō)一些“小心點(diǎn)”,“沒(méi)關(guān)系”等等之類的話。而在英語(yǔ)中聽(tīng)到對(duì)方訴說(shuō)一些不幸的事情時(shí)往往要說(shuō)“I’m sorry to hear that. / Bad luck!”之類的話表示同情或安慰,這一點(diǎn)與漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣不一樣。正確答案為C。
10. —_______.
—thank you very much. I will.
A. Congratulations! B. Best wishes to you
C. Please say hello to your family. D. What a good wish to your family!
【解析】此題容易誤選A或B。因?yàn)锳和B兩項(xiàng)都可以用thank you very much. 來(lái)回答,如果不注意后面的I will. ,那么選擇A或B的可能性是非常大的。正確答案為C。Please say hello to your family. 意為“請(qǐng)代我向你的家人問(wèn)好”。
做好中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題的實(shí)用技巧
1. 保持良好的精神狀態(tài)。良好的精神狀態(tài)對(duì)于考場(chǎng)上的考生來(lái)說(shuō)非常重要。因?yàn)橹挥性谛睦矸潘傻那闆r下,考生的精力才能夠集中,思維才會(huì)敏捷,從而才能將自己的真實(shí)水平發(fā)揮出來(lái)。
2. 抓住中心句。閱讀短文之前,先看短文是否有標(biāo)題。若有,應(yīng)給予高度重視。因?yàn)闃?biāo)題是文章主題的高度凝聚,它能給我們啟發(fā)和想象,有利于加深對(duì)短文的理解,從而提高做題效率。另外,在沒(méi)有標(biāo)題的情況下,應(yīng)充分重視短文的首、尾句。因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)文章都是按照“總---分---總”的結(jié)構(gòu)布局的。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),英語(yǔ)中有60%-90%的主題句位于段首和段尾,短文的其他文字往往是對(duì)這些中心句的解釋和說(shuō)明。
3. 克服不良習(xí)慣,提高閱讀速度。由于考試的時(shí)間有限,在保證不出偏差的前提下,一定要盡可能地提高閱讀速度。倘若能注意克服以下不良習(xí)慣,就可以大大提高閱讀速度:①心讀。考場(chǎng)上不能出聲閱讀,于是有的考生就在心里讀,有時(shí)考生的嘴唇也在動(dòng)。這是非常不好的習(xí)慣,一定要下決心克服。因?yàn)檫@樣做會(huì)直接制約著閱讀速度的提高;②回視(指重新閱讀上文)。閱讀中的回視是一種無(wú)效勞動(dòng),所以應(yīng)一口氣把文章讀完,盡量不要回視。這壞習(xí)慣是慢慢形成的,不是一朝一夕就能克服掉的。在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中就應(yīng)當(dāng)引起注意并加以克服;③一個(gè)詞一個(gè)詞地看。閱讀時(shí),視線應(yīng)從左向右跳躍式移動(dòng),著重掃描意群,同時(shí)注意意群中的重要單詞,以尋求主要的語(yǔ)言信息。可將冠詞、系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞及不定式符號(hào)等小品詞一掃而過(guò),不可一詞不漏地全部都看一遍;④只讀不記。正確的做法是:一邊閱讀一邊用筆記下或標(biāo)出那些與文后所設(shè)問(wèn)題有關(guān)的信息。這樣,在做題時(shí)就用不著重新查閱短文,至少不用一句一句地再尋找那些隱約有印象的信息,從而可以節(jié)省一些時(shí)間。
4. 判斷要有依據(jù),推理要順乎作者的意圖。對(duì)于推理性或評(píng)價(jià)性之類的閱讀理解題目,在材料中一般是找不到現(xiàn)成答案的,必須通讀全篇,對(duì)所獲信息加以篩選、提煉、推斷,對(duì)作者的思想傾向,對(duì)文中提及的人物或事件可能產(chǎn)生的結(jié)局等,加以綜合考慮才能得出正確結(jié)論。對(duì)這種題,不能以偏概全,不能“只見(jiàn)樹(shù)木,不見(jiàn)森林”,不能以個(gè)人的想法代替作者的意圖。
5. 遇到生詞時(shí),一定要沉著、冷靜。中考英語(yǔ)試題中,一般是不會(huì)盲目地出現(xiàn)生詞的,但不排除出現(xiàn)影響答題的生詞,同時(shí)也可能出現(xiàn)猜測(cè)生詞的題目,因?yàn)椴聹y(cè)詞義也是閱讀能力的體現(xiàn),當(dāng)然也在考查范圍之列。遇到這種題目,只要理解了全篇材料的大部分內(nèi)容,弄清了上、下文之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,判斷出它在文中可能存在的含義是不難的。英語(yǔ)中猜測(cè)詞義的方法很多。如:
(1)根據(jù)上、下文進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。這是最重要,也是最常用的方法。有些生詞可以通過(guò)上下文的相關(guān)信息,或根據(jù)同位語(yǔ),修飾語(yǔ)等猜測(cè)詞義。例如:
The people who survived the earthquake cried bitterly over the bodies of their relatives.
【分析】一般來(lái)說(shuō),中考“閱讀理解”題中的“詞義猜測(cè)”,并不要求考生根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法去分析單詞的詞義,而是要求考生根據(jù)文中的有關(guān)信息對(duì)生詞的詞義進(jìn)行推斷性的猜測(cè)。聯(lián)系上下文,不難看出:這些人的親屬死了,他們?cè)诳蓿@然他們?cè)诘卣鹬?ldquo;survive”了。這個(gè)詞不就是“幸存”之意嗎?可見(jiàn),這種詞義猜測(cè)也是建立在對(duì)上下文的正確理解之上的。又如:
The pupils assembled in front of the school hall. They came together to listen to the headmaster announce the result of the sports meeting.
【分析】下文中的短語(yǔ)came together意思是“聚到一起”,由此可以推斷出學(xué)生們是“聚集到”學(xué)校大廳里聽(tīng)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的結(jié)果的。故該詞的意思是“聚集”。
(2)利用構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。英語(yǔ)的構(gòu)詞法大致可分為派生、轉(zhuǎn)化和合成等。例如:
Man differs from most from all the other animals in their ability to learn and use languages.
【分析】不難發(fā)現(xiàn),本句中的生詞differ跟different是同根詞,搭配也是from,其前有man,其后有animals,根據(jù)這些信息可以斷定動(dòng)詞differ此處有“和……不相同”、“與……存在差別”之意。
這里要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn),大部分閱讀題目在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中,已充分考慮到了生詞對(duì)答題的影響。對(duì)于那些對(duì)答題無(wú)關(guān)緊要的生詞,如人名、地名、產(chǎn)品商標(biāo)名稱或影視劇目名稱等,一般是不加注漢語(yǔ)的,只要能推斷出那些生詞的類別就可以了,不必弄清其準(zhǔn)確含義。對(duì)于那些一時(shí)難以斷定其意思又不妨礙理解的生詞,大可不必理會(huì)。
另外,熟詞新義也是應(yīng)當(dāng)引起重視的。英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)往往具有一詞多義,在不同的場(chǎng)合它所表達(dá)的意思就不一定相同。如果僅僅用它的主要或常用的詞義來(lái)理解一篇文章,就可能產(chǎn)生誤解,或者根本無(wú)法了解作者的意圖。如果一時(shí)間想不起該詞的其他含義,可根據(jù)上下文來(lái)判斷該詞的詞義。特別是那些關(guān)鍵詞,必須仔細(xì)推敲。
●實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練●
A
Have you ever heard of e-books? E-books are electronic books. They are no larger than an ordinary book, with a screen on which you can read.
How does the e-book work?
First, you call up websites on your computer and select books that you want. There are thousands of books provided by different websites on the Internet. Then download the books you like on to your e-book. You can download about 10 books at a time. Now you can just sit back and enjoy yourself reading.
Compared with ordinary books, e-books have many advantages. First of all, e-books save space. You can put as many as 10 books into a thing no bigger than a pocket radio and then carry it everywhere. You can renew reading materials in your e-book as many times as you like. With the development of e-book technology, probably an e-library will appear. Then you just take your e-books there and download what you want to read. You no longer need to worry about whether your books are over-due or not.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,選擇可以完成句子的最佳答案。
1. E-books are ________.
A. electronic books
B. no larger than an ordinary book
C. very popular in big city
D. A, B and C
2. First, you ________.
A. call up websites on your computer
B. read books that you want
C. turn on your e-book
D. download the books you like
3. You can download ________ books at a time.
A. two B. ten C. twelve D. twenty
4. E-books ________.
A. save space B. save money
C. look like a pocket radio D. carry it easily
5. There must be an ________ in the future.
A. e-book B. e-mail C. e-library D. e-house
B
Eager to open up a space tourism market, a Russian company presented a “space place” model. It would give tourists the chance to spend an hour in space.
Anybody who can pay about $100,000 would be able to experience zero gravity. About 100 people have already booked seats to fly on the C-21 plane. The US company helped the first space tourist, Dennis Tito, to secure his flight to the International Space Station. Tito is said to have paid $20 million for the eight-day trip. C-21 would offer tourists a small glimpse of space. The aircraft, carrying a pilot and two passengers, will be positioned on top of a carrier airplane until it is 17,100 metres in the air. Once released from the carrier, the ship’s own rocket will send it to a height of over 96 kilometers for three minutes of weightlessness. Then C-21 will slide back into the atmosphere and land like an ordinary plane. The entire flight will only take about an hour.(from www.zkenglish.com)
仔細(xì)閱讀短文,補(bǔ)上每個(gè)句子中所缺的詞,使句意完整,語(yǔ)句連貫。
6. A ________ company would give tourists the ________ to spend an hour in space.
7. About 100 people are ________ to spend $100,000 for ________ on the C-21 plane.
8. Dennis Tito is the first ________ ________. He have paid $20 million for the eight-day trip in space.
9. A ________ and two ________ will be positioned on top of a carrier airplane.
10. C-21 will ________ back into the atmosphere and ________ like an ordinary plane.
C
Once a boy who wanted to fly covered his arms with feathers. He used wax to keep the feathers on. But he flew too close to the sun. The wax melted. The feathers came off. Down came the boy!
This is just a story. But it tells us that man has always dreamed of flying. In 1783, this dream came true. Two French brothers invented the hot-air balloon. It rose a thousand feet high.
It took almost 100 years for men to move from the hot-air balloon to the first airship. It was invented in the late 1900s. It was a powered balloon.
In North Carolina of America, less than twenty-five years later, the Wright Brothers flew the first airplane. This first flight, in 1903, lasted less than half a minute. It covered just a few feet.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,選擇能回答所提問(wèn)題的最佳答案。
11. Why did the boy come down from the sky? Because ________.
A. he covered his arms with feathers
B. he used wax to keep the feathers on
C. he flew too close to the sun
D. the wax melted and the feathers came off
12. Who invented the hot-air balloon?
A. Two French brothers. B. the Wright Brothers.
C. Benjamin Franklin. D. Einstein.
13.When was the first airship invented?
A. In the late 1900s. B. About 100 years ago.
C. A and B. D. Many years ago.
14. How about the first airplane?
A. The Wright Brothers invented the first airplane.
B. It flew less than half a minute and a few feet high.
C. This first flight was in 1903.
D. It was born in North Carolina of America.
【答案與解析】
1. D。根據(jù)E-books are electronic books. They are no larger than an ordinary book, with a screen on which you can read 可知答案為D。
2. A。根據(jù)First, you call up websites on your computer and select books that you want可知答案為A。
3. B。根據(jù)You can download about 10 books at a time(你每次大約能下載10本書(shū))就能確定答案。
4. A。根據(jù)First of all, e-books save space. You can put as many as 10books into a thing no bigger than a pocket radio and then carry it everywhere(首先,電子書(shū)節(jié)省空間,你能放10本書(shū)進(jìn)入比口袋收音機(jī)大不多的一件東西里,且可攜帶到任何地方去)可確定答案。
5. C。根據(jù)With the development of e-book technology, probably an e-library will appear(隨著電子書(shū)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,電子圖書(shū)館就會(huì)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生)就能確定答案。
6. Russian, chance。根據(jù)Eager to open up a space tourism market, a Russian company presented a “space place” model. It would give tourists the chance to spend an hour in space(人類渴望開(kāi)發(fā)太空旅游市場(chǎng), 一家俄羅斯公司提出一項(xiàng)“太空住所” 樣式,將給旅游者提供1小時(shí)在太空瀟灑的機(jī)會(huì))足能敲定要填的詞(from www.zkenglish.com)。
7. eager, flying。根據(jù)Anybody who can pay about $100,000 would be able to experience zero gravity. About 100 people have already booked seats to fly on the C-21 plane (任何能負(fù)擔(dān)得起大約10萬(wàn)美元的人都能體驗(yàn)飛行時(shí)之失重狀態(tài),約有100人已經(jīng)預(yù)定了飛向太空的C-21 型飛機(jī)的座位)足能敲定要填的詞。
8. space tourist。根據(jù)The US company helped the first space tourist, Dennis Tito, to secure his flight to the International Space Station. Tito is said to have paid $20 million for the eight-day trip(美國(guó)公司幫助第一位太空旅行者丹尼斯·提托安全飛行到太空站上,據(jù)提托說(shuō)他付了兩千萬(wàn)美元旅行了8天)足能敲定要填的詞。
9. pilot, passengers。根據(jù)The aircraft, carrying a pilot and two passengers, will be positioned on top of a carrier airplane until it is 17,100 metres in the air(載一個(gè)飛行員和兩名乘客的太空船安放在一架航空母艦上,一直飛行到17,100米的高度)足能敲定要填的詞。
10. slide, land。根據(jù)Then C-21 will slide back into the atmosphere and land like an ordinary plane(然后C-21就滑回到大氣層中,像一架普通飛機(jī)著陸到地面上)足能敲定要填的詞。
11. D。根據(jù)Once a boy who wanted to fly covered his arms with feathers. He used wax to keep the feathers on. But he flew too close to the sun. The wax melted. The feathers came off (從前, 一個(gè)胳膊上綁著羽毛的男孩想飛向藍(lán)天。他用蠟把羽毛粘在胳膊上,由于飛得離太陽(yáng)太近,蠟融化了,羽毛脫落了) 顯然, 選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)B都不是原因,選項(xiàng)C是原因,選項(xiàng)D才是最佳答案。
12. A。根據(jù)Two French brothers invented the hot-air balloon(兩個(gè)法國(guó)兄弟發(fā)明了熱氣球)就能確定選項(xiàng)。
13. C。根據(jù)It took almost 100 years for men to move from the hot-air balloon to the first airship. It was invented in the late 1900s可知答案選C。
14. B。根據(jù)This first flight, in 1903, lasted less than half a minute. It covered just a few feet(1903年誕生了第一架飛機(jī),飛行不到半分鐘,僅飛了幾英尺高)可知答案選B。
備考現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的六個(gè)要點(diǎn)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是初中英語(yǔ)中最重要也是最難掌握的一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài),同時(shí)它也是中考英語(yǔ)中一個(gè)最重要的時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn),許多同學(xué)們對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成的用法似懂非懂,具體做題時(shí)也往往是跟著感覺(jué)走。本文結(jié)合初中英語(yǔ)的教學(xué)內(nèi)容和中考英語(yǔ)的考查特點(diǎn),為同學(xué)們歸納學(xué)好定語(yǔ)從句必須注意的五個(gè)方面,供大家參考。
一、弄清基本構(gòu)成方法
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“have / has+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。其中的have / has 為助動(dòng)詞,構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句時(shí),可將其提前;構(gòu)成否定句時(shí),可直接在其后加not。
二、掌握兩種主要用法
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要有兩種用法,一種是已完成用法,也叫影響性用法;另一種是未完成用法,也叫持續(xù)性用法。兩種用法的特點(diǎn)是:
1. 已完成用法(影響性用法):該用法的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作在過(guò)去已經(jīng)完成,并且這個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生并完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響或結(jié)果,同時(shí)說(shuō)話強(qiáng)調(diào)的或感興趣的就是這個(gè)影響或結(jié)果。如:
She has left. 她離開(kāi)了。(對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果:她現(xiàn)在不在這兒。)
Has she found her car key? 她找到她的車(chē)鑰匙了嗎?(對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果:她能開(kāi)她的車(chē)了嗎?)
I have finished my work. 我的工作做完了。(對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果:現(xiàn)在我沒(méi)事了。)
He has eaten nothing today. 他今天什么也沒(méi)吃。(對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果:他現(xiàn)在一定很餓。)
2. 未完成用法(持續(xù)性用法):該用法的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作并未在過(guò)去完成,而是一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且有可能繼續(xù)下去(也可能到此結(jié)束)。如:
How have you been? 你近來(lái)怎樣?
She has been a teacher for 20 years. 她已當(dāng)了20年的老師。
How long have you lived here? 你在這里住了多久了?
They have been married for ten years. 他們結(jié)婚已經(jīng)10年了。
I’ve known her for a long time. 我認(rèn)識(shí)她很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。
注:除以上用法外,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可表示過(guò)去的重復(fù)動(dòng)作甚至將來(lái)動(dòng)作。如:
He has always gone to work by bike. 他總是騎自行車(chē)上班。
I’ll go to bed when I’ve finished my homework. 我做完作業(yè)后就上床睡覺(jué)了。
三、注意通常連用的副詞
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常連用的副詞有already, never, ever, just, before, recently等。如:
We have finished our work already. 我們已經(jīng)完成了工作。
He has never driven a car before. 他過(guò)去從未開(kāi)過(guò)車(chē)。
Have you ever been a teacher? 你當(dāng)過(guò)教師嗎?
She’s just been to a party. 她剛參加一個(gè)晚會(huì)回來(lái)。
I’ve just had some photos taken. 我剛照了幾張相。
但是,若不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,這些副詞也可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如:
He just arrived in Japan. 他剛到日本。
Such things didn’t happen before. 那樣的事以前沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò)。
I hear that he went abroad recently. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)他最近出國(guó)了。
四、注意since與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的關(guān)系
since不管用作介詞、連詞還是副詞,句子(主句)謂語(yǔ)通常都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如:
I haven’t seen her since last week. 自上周以來(lái)我一直未見(jiàn)過(guò)她
I met him in 1975 and haven't seen him since. 1975年我見(jiàn)過(guò)他,但自那以后就一直未見(jiàn)到他。
We have been good friends since we met at school. 自從讀書(shū)相識(shí)以來(lái),我們一直是好朋友。
注:表示時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度時(shí),通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如:
It’s a long time since I met you last. 好久不見(jiàn)了。
It’s about six months since we arrived here. 我們到這里大約有半年了。
五、注意現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的已完成用法很容易與一般過(guò)去時(shí)相混淆,其區(qū)別是:前者強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果,后者不強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)影響和結(jié)果,而是強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是在過(guò)去。如:
I’ve lived here for ten years. 我在這里住了10年。(現(xiàn)在仍住這兒)
I lived here for ten years. 我在這里住過(guò)10年。(現(xiàn)在不住這兒了)
Has he got up? 他起來(lái)了嗎? (著眼現(xiàn)在情況)
Did you get up very early? 你起來(lái)很早嗎? (著眼動(dòng)作本身)
I’ve got no news from him. 我沒(méi)聽(tīng)到他的消息。(不知道他的情況怎樣)
I got the news from Jim. 這消息我是從吉姆那聽(tīng)來(lái)的。(單純談?wù)搫?dòng)作)
六、掌握have been to 和have gone to的用法區(qū)別
兩者均可后接地點(diǎn),前者表示去過(guò)某地,通常可與表示次數(shù)的狀語(yǔ)連用;后者表示到某地去了,強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話的當(dāng)時(shí)去某地的人不在場(chǎng)。比較:
She has been to Europe twice. 她到歐洲去過(guò)兩次。
She has gone to Europe. 她到歐洲去了。(即現(xiàn)在不在這兒)
注:若其后不是接名詞,而是接副詞,則不用to。如:
He has been abroad many times. 他多次出國(guó)。
He has gone home. 他回家去了。
做好選擇填空的六項(xiàng)注意
1. 注意暗示的語(yǔ)言信息
當(dāng)今許多考題不再像以往那樣直抒題意,而是把題置于一個(gè)特定的環(huán)境。這樣的選擇題常在題干上附帶文字信息。這種信息就是答題的關(guān)鍵,所以要認(rèn)真研究暗示信息,結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn),選出最佳答案。例如:
(1) Is there ______ food in the fridge?I’m hungry.
A. some B. any C. something D. anything
本題是考查不定代詞的用法,從題干上可知C、D不作定語(yǔ),應(yīng)考慮A、B兩個(gè)選項(xiàng),這時(shí)就需要領(lǐng)會(huì)附加成分I’m hungry. 的含義,它的意思是“我餓了。”,言下之意希望冰箱里有食物,即希望肯定回答,故選A。
(2) ______ have you been to Xi’an?
—Twice. (from www.zkenglish.com)
A. How soon B. How m any times
C. How often D. How long
本題主要是對(duì)疑問(wèn)詞的考查,由于A用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),D用于表段時(shí)間,本題只有在B、C中選擇了。有的同學(xué)一見(jiàn)Twice就會(huì)選C,本題的關(guān)鍵也確實(shí)在Twice這個(gè)附加成分上,仔細(xì)分析Twice,它表示“兩次”,并不是多久兩次,故選B。
2. 注意思維定勢(shì)的影響
“思維定勢(shì)”在這里是指我們習(xí)慣的思維方式,學(xué)生往往受所謂“語(yǔ)法習(xí)慣,固定搭配”等思維方式的影響,憑借自己“豐富”的解題經(jīng)驗(yàn),盲目地選擇答案。當(dāng)然,憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)有一定的快速答題優(yōu)勢(shì),但它有時(shí)又往往干擾考生做題。做這樣的題,我們要仔細(xì)分析題干,找準(zhǔn)考點(diǎn)并逐個(gè)排除選出最佳答案。例如:
(1) There are a lot ____ people today than yesterday.
A. of B. most C. / D. more
有的同學(xué)一看此題,就會(huì)認(rèn)為選A,因?yàn)槭?a target="_blank">固定搭配a lot of。如果我們仔細(xì)分析一下題干可知,此句有一連詞than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句,這是個(gè)比較結(jié)構(gòu),排除A、C項(xiàng),B是最高級(jí)應(yīng)排除,故答案理所當(dāng)然應(yīng)選D。本題的考查點(diǎn)應(yīng)是副詞a lot修飾比較級(jí)m ore,意為“多得多”。
(2) Shanghai is larger than ____ city in New Zealand.
A. any other B. otherC. all other D. any
此題是考查比較級(jí)句型,很多考生就容易誤選A,因?yàn)?ldquo;比較級(jí)+than any other +名詞”這一比較模式在學(xué)生的思維中已成定式,印象很深?墒切挛魈m這個(gè)國(guó)家與上海所在國(guó)家(中國(guó))不是同一地理范圍,上海不是與本國(guó)的城市相比,而是與它國(guó)的城市相比,不必排除“自身”這個(gè)比較對(duì)象。不必加other一詞。故本題選D。
3. 注意英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣表達(dá),排除母語(yǔ)干擾
由于英美人的文化習(xí)俗和我們中國(guó)人不一樣,因此在不同的場(chǎng)合,不同的時(shí)間,對(duì)待不同的事情,我們不能想當(dāng)然按我們的思維方式答題,而應(yīng)該用英美人的思維方式。例如:
(1) —Would you like some more fish?
—______, I’m full.
A. Yes, please B. No, thanks
C. No, I won’t have it D. Yes, I won’t to
本題考查英語(yǔ)的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣,在西方國(guó)家,想接受或拒絕對(duì)方盛情時(shí)用“Yes,please.”或“No,thanks.”,由題意應(yīng)選B。而很多學(xué)生受母語(yǔ)“我想要”或“不想”的影響,易誤選C。
(2) —You are a beautiful girl. —_____.
A. No,I am not beautiful B. thank you
C. Not at all D. I’m not so beautiful as you.
本題應(yīng)選B。根據(jù)英美人士的習(xí)慣,當(dāng)別人夸獎(jiǎng)或贊美你時(shí),你不應(yīng)過(guò)分謙虛,而應(yīng)該表示感謝以示禮貌和自信(盡管明知自己在此方面不行),千萬(wàn)別受母語(yǔ)影響,說(shuō)一些自謙的話而選A或C。
4. 注意一些特殊的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象
在英語(yǔ)中,有一些看似不和常理的特殊用法,很容易給學(xué)生造成誤解而答錯(cuò)題。例如:
(1) I will ring you up when I ____ Wuhan tomorrow.
A. will reach B. reachedC. reaches D. reach
本題考查的是動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài),有些同學(xué)一見(jiàn)從句后有tom orrow,就選A,實(shí)際上在我們學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)時(shí)有這樣一條“如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形、祈使句時(shí),由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句和when,until,be-fore,after,as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)”。所以本題應(yīng)選D。
(2) He told m e that the sun ____ in the east.
A. rose B. had risen C. rises D. have risen
本題是考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài),有些同學(xué)認(rèn)為當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去式時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)是與過(guò)去有關(guān)的各種時(shí)態(tài),很容易選B。如果我們仔細(xì)分析一下that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,就可知“太陽(yáng)從東方升起”應(yīng)是一種自然現(xiàn)象。我們都知道表述客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象和客觀規(guī)律時(shí),不受其他條件影響一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故本題應(yīng)選C。
5. 注意一些其他學(xué)科知識(shí)對(duì)答題的影響
有些同學(xué)在做題時(shí),往往英語(yǔ)意思明白,可是由于其他(如:天文、地理、歷史、生活等)知識(shí)欠佳而失分。英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)一樣都是人們用于學(xué)習(xí)其他知識(shí)的工具,所以我們不能為學(xué)英語(yǔ)而學(xué)英語(yǔ),而應(yīng)把它加以運(yùn)用。例如:
(1) The People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. on October 1, 1949 B. 1949, on October 1
C. in October 1, 1949 D. 1949, in October 1
(2) Which is ____, the moon or the earth?
A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest
顯而易見(jiàn),題1涉及歷史知識(shí)“中華人民共和國(guó)建立于1949年10月1日”,根據(jù)這一歷史知識(shí)應(yīng)選A。題2涉及的是天文知識(shí)“地球與月亮哪個(gè)大”,兩者相比用比較級(jí),故本題選B。
6. 熟記語(yǔ)法知識(shí),注意習(xí)慣用法
近年來(lái),有的中考題淡化了語(yǔ)法知識(shí)考查,但記牢最基本的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)仍有利于我們理解題意和答題。
The farm ers are all busy ____ apples.
A. pick B. to pick C. picking D. to picking
根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),be busy的習(xí)慣用法是be busy后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式。故本題應(yīng)選C。像這樣的固定用法還有enjoy doing sth, keep(sb /sth )doing sth, finish doing sth, can’t help doing sth, feel like doing sth, m ind doing sth, prerfer doing sth to doing sth 等等。
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